Fig. 6

Effect of pspA in managing membrane stresses in E. amylovora. a Carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) was added to 200 μM to E. amylovora cultures and incubated for 5 h. Survival rate was determined as the ratio of CFU/ml after the treatment to that before the treatment. Arabinose at 10 mM, but no IPTG, was supplemented to the cultures. b Overexpression of pspA largely reverses the killing of E. amylovora cells expressing hok at toxic levels. Growth of cultures was determined by measuring OD₆₀₀ using a Tecan spectrophotometer. Arabinose at 10 mM was supplemented to the cultures. Results represent the means of four biological replications and error bars indicate the standard deviation. Asterisk symbols indicate significant differences (P < 0.05 using Student’s t-test). The assays were done three times with similar results