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Fig. 8 | BMC Genomics

Fig. 8

From: Activation of metabolic and stress responses during subtoxic expression of the type I toxin hok in Erwinia amylovora

Fig. 8

Working model of the effects of hok induction at subtoxic or toxic level. Induction of hok at a subtoxic level causes dissipation of the PMF, increased ATP biosynthesis, increased tolerance to antibiotics and further membrane stress (black arrows and letters). Induction of hok at a toxic level leads to leakage of cellular ATP and inactivation of energy-consuming cell machineries including T2SS, T3SS, and flagellum (red arrows and letters)

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BMC Genomics

ISSN: 1471-2164

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