Table 2 Top significant identified metabolites with pathway membership or role in metabolism. Lipid and amino acid metabolism-related compounds predominated in D4, while many of those present in D20 were involved in carbohydrate metabolism
Compound | Fold-change (Log2) | Adjusted p-value | Day | Pathway |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Retinal | 4.42 | 2.22E-10 | D4 | Vitamin A |
2-Hydroxybutanoic Acid | 3.34 | 4.25E-03 | D4 | Amino Acid-Glutathione Metabolism |
Oleic acid | 3.12 | 2.41E-3 | D4 | Lipid metabolism |
Palmitoleic acid | 2.87 | 5.98E-9 | D4 | Lipid metabolism |
Lactobiose (lactose) | 2.60 | 3.11E-5 | D4 | Carbohydrate metabolism |
Phosphoserine | 1.99 | 6.92E-5 | D4 | Serine metabolism |
Uric Acid | 1.79 | 1.03E-6 | D4 | Nitrogen metabolism |
Phosphoenolpyruvate | 1.77 | 1.11E-4 | D4 | Glycolysis (ATP synthesis phase) |
Gamma-Tocopherol | 1.73 | 2.73E-4 | D4 | Vitamin E metabolism |
Uracil | 1.66 | 1.59E-6 | D4 | Pyrimidine metabolism |
3-Phosphoglycerate | 1.63 | 3.67E-3 | D4 | Glycolysis (ATP synthesis phase) |
Aspartate | −1.57 | 1.6E-4 | D20 | Amino acid metabolism |
Adenosine | −1.64 | 5.7E-3 | D20 | Purine metabolism |
Guanosine | −1.65 | 4.3E-3 | D20 | Purine metabolism |
Hypoxanthine | −1.74 | 3.13E-4 | D20 | Purine metabolism |
Creatinine | −1.82 | 7.65E-3 | D20 | Creatine metabolism |
Citrate | −2.00 | 3.41E-5 | D20 | TCA cycle |
Fructose-6-Phosphate | −2.15 | 4.86E-7 | D20 | Gluconeogenesis or Glycolysis (ATP incorporating phase) |
CMP | −2.42 | 2.53E-7 | D20 | Pyrimidine metabolism, TAG, lipid & sialic acid synthesis |
Inosine | −2.66 | 1.21E-5 | D20 | Nucleoside metabolism |
5-Methoxytryptamine | −2.81 | 9.43E-7 | D20 | Tryptophan metabolism |
Hexose-6-Phosphate | −3.25 | 5.51E-8 | D20 | Carbohydrate metabolism |
Succinate | −3.35 | 2.64E-9 | D20 | TCA cycle |
Glucose-6-Phosphate | −3.48 | 1.44E-6 | D20 | Gluconeogenesis or Glycolysis (ATP incorporating phase) |
Fumarate | −4.87 | 1.9E-9 | D20 | TCA cycle |
Malate | −5.32 | 9.28E-12 | D20 | TCA cycle |