Fig. 9

Phylogenetic analysis of G. arborea PAL (A) and CAD (B) proteins. Protein sequences of PAL and CAD enzymes obtained from G. arborea full length cognate transcripts were compared to homologous sequences belonging to other plant species. Dendrograms were constructed using the neighbor-joining clustering method. Line length indicates the evolutionary distance. In addition to G. arborea (Ga) putative PAL1 sequence, other protein sequences used in PAL phylogenetic analysis were: Ath: Arabidopsis thaliana, with four paralogs of PAL included in the analysis, AthPAL1 (P35510), AthPAL2 (OAP06573), AthPAL3 (OAO94639) and AthPAL4 (OAP02490.1). Car: Coffea arabica (AEL21616), Lca: Lonicera caerulea (ALU09327), Nta: Nicotiana tabacum (NP_001312352.1), Min: Mangifera indica (AIY24975.1), Mof: Melissa officinalis (CBJ23826.1), Pfr: Perilla frutescens (AEZ67457.1), Psc: Plectranthus scutellarioides (AFZ94859.1), Pca: Pogostemon cablin (AJO53272.1), Ptri: Populus trichocarpa (P45730), Rco: Ricinus communis (AGY49231.1), Smi: Salvia miltiorrhiza (ABD73282), Sba: Scutellaria baicalensis (ADN32766.1), Sin: Sesamum indicum (XP_011094662), Vvi: Vitis vinifera (ABM67591), Protein sequences used in CAD phylogenetic analysis, included two possible variants of Gmelina arborea (Ga), the first one induced in stem (CADS, putative CAD3) and the second one induced in leaves (CADL). Other CAD protein sequences used were: Ath: Arabidopsis thaliana CAD1 (OAP16446.1) and CAD2 (NP_179765), Egr: Eucalyptus grandis (XP_010024064.1), Jcu: Jatropha curcas (XP_012086572.1), Jre: Juglans regia (XP_018827699.1), Lp: Lolium perenne (AAB70908), Ote: Ocimum tenuiflorum (ADO16245.1), Os: Oryza sativa (Q6ZHS4), Pni: Populus nigra (AFR37935.1), Pto: Populus tomentosa (AAR83343.1), Rs: Rauvolfia serpentine (ALW82980.1), Sm: Salvia miltiorrhiza (ADN78309.1), Sin: Sesamum indicum (XP_011097452.1), She: Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (AEA36767.1), Tgr: Tectona grandis (ANG60951.1, ANG60952.1, ANG60953.1, ANG60954.1), Vvi: Vitis vinifera (RVW57228.1), Zm: Zea mays (NP_001105654). Different CAD members were included for some species. Accession IDs from protein NCBI database are shown in parenthesis