Fig. 1

Demographic history and genome-wide heterozygosity of 12 representative fishes with high-quality genome assemblies. A The boxplot represents the genome-wide heterozygosity that was estimated from genomic 500-kb windows. Genome sizes of the examined fish species were presented by dots. B Historical N_e of the 15 examined fish genomes. The x axis depicts the historical time, and the y axis represents N_e. These plots were scaled using species-specific mutation rates (u) and generation times (g; Table S1). The color of each species is consistent with that of boxplot in (a). Gradient blue bars above the plots represent the glacial periods and the gradient yellow bars represent the interglacial periods. The red smooth line shows the best-fit model with 95% confidence interval. LGP, the last glacial period (110–12 kya)