Table 6 Clinical characteristics of VTRNA2-1 hypomethylation and elevated methylation groups (n = 82)

Maternal age

31.7 ± 2.7

28.2 ± 2.5

0.002

31.7 ± 3.1

31.9 ± 4.7

0.812

BMI

26.3 ± 3.3

24.5 ± 5.4

0.320

25.8 ± 3.3

23.5 ± 3.4

0.024

Gravidity*

0.954

0.412

 0

6 (35.3)

4 (36.4)

10 (45.5)

11 (34.4)

 1

11 (64.7)

7 (63.6)

12 (54.5)

21 (65.6)

Parity*

0.761

0.026

 Nulliparous

9 (52.9)

5 (45.5)

13 (59.1)

17 (53.1)

 Multiparous

8 (47.1)

6 (54.5)

9 (40.9)

15 (46.9)

Delivery season*

0.775

0.009

 Spring, n (%)

4 (23.5)

4 (36.4)

1 (4.5)

8 (25.0)

 Summer, n (%)

1 ( 5.9)

0 (0.0)

2 (9.1)

11 (34.4)

 Autumn, n (%)

9 (52.9)

5 (45.5)

10 (45.5)

8 (25.0)

 Winter, n (%)

3 (17.6)

2 (18.2)

9 (40.9)

5 (15.6)

Mode of delivery*

0.435

0.264

 Vaginal, n (%)

9 (52.9)

8 (72.7)

15 (68.2)

16 (50.0)

 C-section, n (%)

8 (47.1)

3 (27.3)

7 (31.8)

16 (50.0)

Education

0.417

0.226

 Below high school

3 (17.6)

3 (37.5)

5 (22.7)

10 (47.6)

 Above college

14 (82.4)

5 (62.5)

17 (77.3)

11 (52.4)

Gestational age

39.4 ± 1.0

29.3 ± 2.4

< 0.001

39.4 ± 1.4

29.1 ± 2.9

< 0.001

WBC (x10³)

10.3 ± 3.3

11.9 ± 3.0

0.218

9.9 ± 2.9

12.3 ± 4.0

0.028

Ureaplasma*

0.005

0.002

 Negative

15 (88.2)

4 (36.4)

22 (100.0)

18 (56.3)

 Positive

0 (0.0)

5 (45.5)

0 (0.0)

8 (25.0)

 Body weight (kg)

3.5 ± 0.4

1.2 ± 0.3

< 0.001

3.2 ± 0.3

1.4 ± 0.5

< 0.001

Sex*

0.934

0.783

 Male, n (%)

9 (52.9)

6 (54.5)

11 (40.0)

18 (56.3)

 Female, n (%)

8 (47.1)

5 (45.5)

11 (60.0)

14 (43.8)

Apgar 1 min

9.3 ± 0.9

6.3 ± 1.8

< 0.001

9.7 ± 0.5

5.7 ± 2.5

< 0.001

Apgar 5 min

9.9 ± 0.3

7.8 ± 1.6

< 0.001

10.0 ± 0.0

7.4 ± 2.2

< 0.001