Fig. 1

SCFA-related KOs in the gut of AF patients. (a) Venn diagram showing a total of 479 KEGG orthologues (KOs) that were involved in seven short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-related compounds (left panel), while 230 KOs overlapped among the 6387 annotated KOs in the current cohort (right panel). (b) Volcano plot displaying 125 different KOs between atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and non-AF controls (red and blue denote significant enrichment and decrease in AF, respectively; grey indicates a non-significant difference between the two groups). (c) Distributions of KOs in various SCFAs-related compounds. The orange bar chart above represents the numbers of KOs contained in various compounds. The bar chart at the bottom left represents the numbers of KOs included in various compounds (a different color was used for each compound). The dotted line at the bottom right shows the intersected KOs contained in each compound. Wilcoxon rank-sum test q < 0.05 indicated statistical significance (Benjamini-Hochberg correction was carried out to determine q values). (d) Bubble chart of 24 KEGG pathways related to the 125 differential KOs