Table 2 List of genes encoded in four Bupleurum plastomes

Ribosomal RNAs

rrn4.5 ^(×2); rrn5 ^(×2); rrn16 ^(×2); rrn23 ^(× 2)

4

Transfer RNAs

trnA-UGC ^(×2)a; trnC-GCA; trnD-GUC; trnE-UUC; trnF-GAA; trnfM-CAU; trnG-GCC; trnG-UCC ^a; trnH-GUG; trnI-CAU ^(× 2); trnI-GAU ^{(× 2) a}; trnK-UUU ^a; trnL-CAA^(× 2); trnL-UAA ^a; trnL-UAG; trnM-CAU; trnN-GUU ^(× 2); trnP-UGG; trnQ-UUG; trnR-ACG ^(× 2); trnR-UCU; trnS-GCU; trnS-GGA; trnS-UGA; trnT-GGU; trnT-UGU; trnV-GAC ^(× 2); trnV-UAC ^a; trnW-CCA; trnY-GUA

37

Subunits of photosystem I

psaA; psaB; psaC; psaI; psaJ; ycf3^b; ycf4

7

Subunits of photosystem II

psbA; psbB; psbC; psbD; psbE; psbF; psbH; psbI; psbJ; psbK; psbL; psbM; psbN; psbT; psbZ;

15

ATP-dependent protease subunit P

clpP^b

1

Large subunit of rubisco

rbcL

1

NADH dehydrogenase

ndhA; ndhB ^{(×2) a}; ndhC; ndhD; ndhE; ndhF; ndhG; ndhH; ndhI; ndhJ; ndhK

12

Ribosomal protein (large subunit)

rpl2 ^{(×2) a}; rpl14; rpl16 ^a; rpl20; rpl22; rpl23 ^(× 2); rpl33; rpl32; rpl36

11

Small subunit of ribosomal proteins

rps2; rps3; rps4; rps7 ^(×2); rps8; rps11; rps12 ^(× 2)b; rps14; rps15; rps16 ^a; rps18; rps19

14

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

rpoA; rpoB; rpoC1; rpoC2

4

Subunits of ATP synthase

atpA; atpB; atpE; atpF ^a; atpH; atpI

6

C-type cytochrome synthesis gene

ccsA

1

Subunits of cytochrome b/f complex

petN; petA; petL; petG; petB ^a; petD ^a

6

Envelop membrane protein

cemA

1

Maturase

matK

1

Hypothetical chloroplast reading frames

ycf1; ycf2 ^(×2)

5

Subunits of Acetyl-CoA-carboxylase

accD

1

Pseudogenes

infA; rps19^c; ycf1^c; ycf15 ^(×2)

4

Total

114 single-copy genes, 132 in total.