Fig. 6

Circos plots showing the significant pairwise epistatic interactions between SNPs. On each circos plot, the outermost layer represents the 11 chromosomes of cowpea and the length of each segment is proportional to the length of each chromosome. The innermost layer displays the SNPs used for conducting GWAS and each black dot represents one SNP. The width of the innermost layer is proportional to the LOD values of each SNP. The further from the center the black dot is, the higher the LOD is. Links within each circos plot show a significant epistatic interaction between two SNPs. Since the resolution of the chromosomal length is in Mb (outermost layer), two closely located pairs of pairwise epistatic interactions can be cofounded in the above figure, so the number of links might not reflect the actual number of pairwise epistatic interactions. A Relative tolerance index for fresh leaf biomass, B relative tolerance index for fresh stem biomass, C relative tolerance index for total above-ground fresh biomass, and D relative tolerance index for plant height