Fig. 1

Knockdown of RIP2 affects chicken HD11 macrophages with or without APEC challenge. A The relative RIP2 mRNA expression level in the group of WT, shRIP2, APEC, and APEC+shRIP2 (data are shown as mean ± SD; n = 4 independent experiments; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001). B The RIP2 protein expression level in the group of WT, shRIP2, APEC, and APEC+shRIP2 was analyzed by western blot. C Image J software was used for RIP2 gray-level analysis of western blot results (data are shown as mean ± SD; n = 3 independent experiments; ** p < 0.01; **** p < 0.0001). D The morphology of chicken HD11 macrophages in the group of WT, shRIP2, APEC, and APEC+shRIP2. E The cell viability of chicken HD11 macrophages in the group of WT, shRIP2, APEC, and APEC+shRIP2 (data are shown as mean ± SD; n = 4 independent experiments; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001; NS, not significant). F The nitric oxide (NO) production of chicken HD11 macrophages in the group of WT, shRIP2, APEC, and APEC+shRIP2 (data are shown as mean ± SD; n = 4 independent experiments; ** p < 0.01; **** p < 0.0001; NS, not significant). Abbreviations: WT, wild type HD11 cells; shRIP2, RIP2 knockdown HD11 cells; APEC, avian pathogenic E.coli challenge group