Fig. 5

Immunofluorescence staining and quantification (right panels) of MaltHSP70-2 after heat shock treatment in the spermatid of Monochamus alternatus. Gray values are presented as the mean ± SD and the open circles indicate individual data points (n = 3). Significant differences between control (25 °C) and heat shock treatment (42.5 °C 3h) were determined by Student’s t-test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns, not significant).