Fig. 3

Cetacean-specific mutations in ZRS and its dual-luciferase activity. A cetacean-specific mutation detected in ZRS (A1336G). Schematic of the mouse SHH locus was shown at the top. The ZRS was located in the intron of the LMBR1 gene (intron-exon structure not shown), 850 kb away from the promoter of SHH. Twenty two cetacean-specific changes were indicated by red bar. Divergence of the preZRS-ZRS sequence was shown below. B Luciferase reporter analyses of dolphin ZRS and its cetacean-specific mutation. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the difference between groups and data are shown as mean ± SEM (*: P < 0.05 and **: P < 0.01)