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Table 2 Effects of maternal dietary Met restriction on duckling traits (from Bodin et al., [31]) and mRNA abundance of 16 DEGs mostly involved in energy metabolism (from Sécula et al., [32])

From: Maternal dietary methionine restriction alters hepatic expression of one-carbon metabolism and epigenetic mechanism genes in the ducklings

A

n

R group

n

C group

PDiet

Psex

Pinteraction

Phenotypic Trait

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Body weight (g)

180

33.0 ± 0.9

190

35.2 ± 0.9

< 0.001

NS

NS

Liver weight (g)

28

1.51 ± 0.08

21

1.40 ± 0.11

NS

0.001

NS

Liver: BW (%)

28

4.30 ± 0.17

21

3.92 ± 0.20

0.07

0.06

NS

Liver lipids (%)

28

17.23 ± 1.43

19

17.67 ± 1.44

NS

NS

NS

Liver dry matter (%)

28

41.10 ± 0.73

20

41.21 ± 1.10

NS

NS

NS

Plasma Glucose (mMol/L)

23

16.39 ± 1.88

26

10.63 ± 2.38

0.03

NS

NS

Plasma FFA (mMol/L)

28

0.27 ± 0.05

27

0.55 ± 0.05

0.01

0.07

NS

Log Plasma TG

27

0.55 ± 0.19

27

- 0.09 ± 0.21

0.01

0.01

NS

Log Plasma ALP

28

5.36 ± 0.09

24

5.62 ± 0.10

0.07

< 0.001

NS

Log Plasma ALT

28

2.90 ± 0.09

23

3.32 ± 0.09

0.002

0.01

NS

Log Plasma AST

27

4.42 ± 0.19

27

4.69 ± 0.21

NS

0.006

NS

B

n

R group

n

C group

PDiet

Psex

Pinteraction

Hepatic Gene Expression

LsMeans ± SD

LsMeans ± SD

BCL2A1

18

0.34 ± 0.21

17

− 0.43 ± 0.21

0.03

0.13

NS

COX2

18

− 0.55 ± 0.24

17

0.77 ± 0.28

0.01

0.93

NS

CYTB

18

− 0.6 ± 0.28

17

0.52 ± 0.33

0.02

0.54

NS

ELOVL6

18

0.51 ± 0.27

17

−0.5 ± 0.31

0.01

<  0.01

NS

ENO1

18

−0.54 ± 0.24

17

0.51 ± 0.27

0.01

0.81

NS

GPAM

18

0.39 ± 0.16

17

−0.52 ± 0.17

<  0.01

< 0.01

NS

MTTP

18

−0.48 ± 0.21

17

0.55 ± 0.22

0.01

0.87

NS

NDUFA4

18

−0.61 ± 0.19

17

0.64 ± 0.19

< 0.01

0.98

NS

NDUFB6

18

−0.4 ± 0.22

17

0.42 ± 0.22

0.03

0.81

NS

PGK1

18

0.49 ± 0.25

17

−0.46 ± 0.27

0.01

0.07

NS

PGM1

18

0.53 ± 0.15

17

−0.65 ± 0.15

< 0.01

< 0.01

NS

PPARG

18

0.47 ± 0.22

17

−0.5 ± 0.24

0.03

0.81

NS

PPARGC1B

18

−0.43 ± 0.23

17

0.43 ± 0.23

0.03

0.98

NS

PRKAA1

18

−0.49 ± 0.2

17

0.4 ± 0.2

0.01

0.02

NS

RXRA

18

−0.78 ± 0.3

17

0.51 ± 0.24

0.01

0.11

NS

UGDH

18

0.48 ± 0.21

17

−0.53 ± 0.22

0.01

0.42

NS

BMF δ

18

−0.48 ± 0.3

17

0.46 ± 0.34

0.06 δ

0.18

NS

PPARA δ

18

−0.35 ± 0.22

17

0.33 ± 0.22

0.10 δ

0.23

NS

  1. A: Numbers, means, and standard errors of the measured traits as well as the significance of the differences between means are given. The P-value of the diet effect, the sex effect and their interaction are presented. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. B: The 16 genes differently expressed between the two diet groups (PDiet < 0.05) are listed as well as and 2 genes which tended to be differentially expressed (PDiet < 0.1; noted with a delta (δ)). Numbers, LS-Means, and standard deviations of the gene expression as well as the significance of the effects are given