Fig. 10
Overexpression of NlZAT12 in Arabidopsis improves the cold tolerance of plants. (A) Phenotypes of wild-type and transgenic lines under control (0 h), cold stress (-4 °C, 12 h) and recovery periods (25 °C, 7 d) (bar = 3 cm). (B) Relative expression levels of Arabidopsis thaliana cold-responsive genes (AtCOR413, AtCOR47, AtRD29A) and antioxidant enzyme-related gene AtCSD1 in wild-type and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana after cold treatment. Asterisks indicate significance determined by t test: * for p < 0.05 and ** for p < 0.01. (C) O2− accumulation in the leaves of wild-type and transgenic plants by histochemical staining with NBT after cold treatment (bar = 1 cm). (D) Changes in MDA and soluble sugar content of wild-type and transgenic lines after low-temperature treatment. Asterisks indicate significance determined by t test: * for p < 0.05 and ** for p < 0.01. Data are shown as the mean of three independent experiments. These results are based on three biological replicates and three technical replicates