Fig. 3

Density plots of EpT complexity metrics for novel lineage specific genes with densities on the y-axis and number of exons plotted on x-axis. Panels are truncated to 30 exons for visualization. Each panel A) H. sapiens (GCF_000001405.39_GRCh38.p13) show a shift in the number of exons where most new genes have fewer than 10 exons per transcript with a mean EpT of 3.431. B) D. melanogaster (dmel-all-r6.07) concentrates most novel genes between one (~ 61.2%) and two (~ 24.7%) exons per transcript with a mean EpT of 1.863. EpT has few transcripts with complexity higher than two exons per transcript. C) Z. mays (GCF_902167145.1_Zm-B73-REFERENCE-NAM-5.0) follows a similar pattern with a shift left to lower numbers of exons per transcripts with a mean EpT at 3.822. Only ~ 27.7% of novel genes in maize are five EpT and higher, while under five is ~ 72.3% of all novel genes. Finally, D) Neocallimastix californiae (GCA_002104975.1_Neocallimastix_sp._G1_v1.0_genomic) novel genes show exon per transcript counts have a mean EpT of 2.321. Most of the distribution is concentrated in below five EpT (~ 88.4%). Values are substantially lower than observed for Orthologs and Whole-Transcriptome