Gene Name | 2R | 3R | 4R |
S. alpinus
|
O. mykiss
|
---|
G. aculeatus
|
S. salar
|
---|
ATP1α1b | C | I | 22a/23ab | 4/12 | 12qa/16pa |
CaSR | GH | VII | 5/9 | 5 | 9p/20p |
CFTRI & II | J/K | XIX | 2/23 | 4d/19d | 10q/18q/27q |
cldn10e | C | I | 22/23c | 4/12 | 12q16q |
COL1A1 | E | XI | ? | 20 | 9q |
 | E | V | 17q/33 | 8 | 17q/22p |
COL1A2 | B | X | 15 | 31 | 16q |
GH1 & 2 | E | XI | 4q/11q | 20a | 2q/9qa/24 |
GHR | I | XIII | 7/25 | 39 | 10p/19q |
 | I | XIV | 17q | 28 | 8p |
IGF1 | K | IV | 22/24a | 3a/24a | 7pa/15pa |
IGF2 | J/K | XIX | 2a/23 | 4a/19a | 10q/18q/27qa |
NKCC1 | I | XIII | 7/25 | ? | 10p/19q |
 | I | XIV | 17qa | 28 | ? |
SPARC | F/G | IV | 10/12p | 6 | 3q/25p |
- Salinity tolerance candidate genes included in comparisons were: Na+/K+-ATPase α1b isoform (ATP1α1b), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-like anion channel isoforms I and II (CFTRI/II), claudin isoform 10e (cldn10e), collagen type 1 alpha 1 (COL1A1) and alpha 2 (COL1A2), growth hormone 1 and 2 (GH1 & 2), growth hormone receptor (GHR), insulin-like growth factors 1 (IGF1) and 2 (IGF2), Na+/K+/2Cl- isoform 1 (NKCC1), and secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine (SPARC). Synteny blocks were defined from comparative genomics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with the stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) genome. Some genes have already been mapped in 4R genomes (a): ATP1α1b[37, 38]; GH[13, 14]; IGF1 and IGF2[12]; NKCC1[15]. Mapped genes are included where synteny between 3R and 4R genomes is not apparent (b). In certain cases gene homology was assigned based on close proximity with ATP1α1b (c) or IGF2 (d) in the stickleback genome.