Figure 6

Arsenite targets the cytoskeleton. (A) The GIM mutants are strongly arsenite sensitive. 10-fold serial dilutions of exponentially growing cells were spotted on YEPD agar plates with arsenite or NaCl. Growth was scored after 2–3 days at 30°C. (B) Synthetic lethal (SL) interactions of the GIM complex. Those genes that show SL interactions with at least four of the GIM genes are shown and the red colour indicates arsenite sensitivity. (C) Morphology of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Chromosomally encoded Tub1p-GFP and Tub3p-GFP were visualized in living cells before (control) and 1 hour after exposure to 1 mM arsenite. (D) Morphology of the actin cytoskeleton. Actin was stained with rhodamine-phalloidin in wild-type and ssk2 Δ cells before and after exposure to 1 mM arsenite. (E) Growth of wild-type and ssk2 Δ cells in the presence of 1 mM arsenite.