Figure 1

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) plots of SNP genotypes of 1,654 contemporary Holstein cows. A) All 45,878 SNP markers: C1 and C2 values were calculated using 1,654 contemporary Holstein cows. B) X chromosome: C1 and C2 values were calculated using 1,654 contemporary Holstein cows. C) All 45,878 SNP markers: C1 and C2 values were calculated using 2,366 Holstein cattle, including the University of Minnesota Holstein control line that remained unselected since 1964. D) X chromosome: C1 and C2 values were calculated using 2,366 Holstein cattle, including the University of Minnesota Holstein control line that remained unselected since 1964. C1 = dimension 1, C2 = dimension 2. Graphs for individual chromosomes are given in Additional file1: Figure S1.