Figure 5

Activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE)-driven β-lactamase reporter gene expression. CellSensor® ARE-bla HepG2 cells were treated with Quercetin [25 μM], as a positive control, and increasing concentrations of Padma 28 (25–200 μg/ml) for 18 h. The mean fold induction of β-lactamase activity, as a measure of ARE-mediated transcriptional activation, is shown relative to the solvent control (set to 1). Mean values ± S.E.M. of four independent experiments run in quadruplicates (*p<0.05, compared to the solvent control) are shown.