Chronic parasitization by Nosema microsporidia causes global expression changes in core nutritional, metabolic and behavioral pathways in honey bee workers (Apis mellifera)

Table 7 Functional analysis of transcripts regulated by Nosema co-infection and worker diet

Functional category	GO term	GO biological process	p-value
Metabolism	GO:0009152	Purine ribonucleotide biosynthetic process	3.46E-06
	GO:0006082	Organic acid metabolic process	7.30E-05
	GO:0008152	Metabolic process	1.22E-03
	GO:0009064	Glutamine family amino acid metabolic process	3.38E-03
	GO:0051186	Cofactor metabolic process	1.07E-02
	GO:0044262	Cellular carbohydrate metabolic process	1.71E-02
	GO:0032787	Monocarboxylic acid metabolic process	1.76E-02
	GO:0009167	Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process	2.36E-02
	GO:0005996	Monosaccharide metabolic process	2.80E-02
	GO:0009056	Catabolic process	3.92E-02
	GO:0006119	Oxidative phosphorylation	4.46E-02
Cellular organization	GO:0051234	Establishment of localization	9.03E-03
	GO:0045184	Establishment of protein localization	2.14E-02
	GO:0016192	Vesicle-mediated transport	3.20E-02
Immunity and other	GO:0006955	Immune response	2.08E-02
	GO:0008063	Toll signaling pathway	2.72E-02
	GO:0050777	Negative regulation of immune response	3.08E-02
	GO:0050770	Regulation of axonogenesis	4.56E-02

Significantly regulated transcripts in the fat body tissue of co-infected workers (14 days pi) were overlapped with transcripts significantly regulated in the fat bodies of workers fed on rich and poor diets [43]. Transcripts that were upregulated in controls and workers fed on rich diets or upregulated in infected bees and workers fed on poor diets were selected for functional analysis and overrepresented GO processes were identified.

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