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Table 3 Upstream regulators with predicted Activation and Inhibition states distinguishing MERS-CoV Eng 1 and MERS-CoV SA 1 infections

From: Cytokine systems approach demonstrates differences in innate and pro-inflammatory host responses between genetically distinct MERS-CoV isolates

Upstream regulator

p-value of overlap

MERS-CoV SA 1_18h

MERS-CoV Eng 1_18h

MERS-CoV SA 1_24h

MERS-CoV Eng 1_24h

STAT3

3.82E-14

-0.253

1.958

0.364

2.559

CTNNB1

1.20E-13

-1.187

1.465

-1.998

1.515

ESR1

1.82E-12

0.519

-0.728

-0.21

-1.083

NFKBIA

2.30E-10

0.604

1.108

0.635

1.477

NUPR1

2.40E-10

-2.373

3.226

-0.347

2.705

SP1

4.13E-10

-2.222

2.021

-1.62

0.831

NR3C1

5.66E-10

-2.65

-0.895

-1.582

-1.658

CREB1

1.86E-09

-2.138

2.52

-1.085

1.582

CEBPA

3.63E-09

0.39

-1.513

0.075

-1.162

JUND

3.71E-09

1.248

0.282

0.443

-0.201

HIF1A

1.32E-08

-0.442

0.622

-0.801

1.993

TP53

1.89E-08

-1.46

0.719

-1.608

1.228

AHR

2.57E-08

1.482

1.642

0.227

0.984

FOS

2.64E-08

0.188

0.188

0.188

1.076

FOXO3

2.76E-08

0.086

0.685

-0.198

-0.457

Histone h3

2.81E-08

    

CEBPB

6.11E-08

0.795

-0.929

-0.242

0.845

TP63

6.62E-08

-0.084

1.834

-0.557

0.605

NFKB1

1.35E-07

-0.025

0.564

0.93

0.867

NFATC3

1.52E-07

-1.082

0.8

-0.687

-0.286

PDX1

1.95E-07

1.223

1.206

1.077

1.673

SMARCA4

2.10E-07

-1.283

0.435

-0.377

1.115

EGR1

2.16E-07

0.38

1.407

-0.626

0.464

Ap1

5.52E-07

    

CREM

6.36E-07

-0.951

1.412

-0.254

2.437

FOXL2

6.57E-07

1.267

2.428

0.682

3.559

  1. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used to determine the top 20 Upstream Regulators. z-scores for predicted upstream regulators (|z| >2) at each time point are shown. z >2 predicts activation of the upstream regulator. z < -2 predicts inhibition of the upstream regulator. The Activation z-score was used to rank the Upstream Regulator based on the “Inhibited” status (darker cells indicated more significant “Inhibited” status of Upstream Regulator).
  2. Upstream Regulators in bold indicates enrichment of DNA-binding motifs (human) via TRANSFAC promoter analysis intersected DE genesets for MERS-CoV Eng 1 and MERS-CoV SA 1 at either 18 or 24 hpi (q-value of 10-7).