Figure 4

Validation of expression patterns of nine DEGs by RT-qPCR assay. Nine DEGs (differentially expressed genes) showed similar expression patterns between RNA-Seq data (A) and RT-qPCR assay (B). These genes included six genes up-regulated under drought and cold stresses: AmNAC1 (NAM, ATAF and CUC), AmNAC2, AmNAC11, AmDREB2C (dehydration responsive element binding 2C), AmDREB2 and AmTPP (trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase, not significantly down-regulated in C1 library); two genes down-regulated under both stresses: AmHSP (heat shock protein) and AmCCD (carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase); and one gene with different expression trends: AmGLP (germin-like protein). D1, D2 and D3 represented 2, 8 and 24 h after drought treatment; C1, C2 and C3 represented 2, 8 and 24 h after cold treatment. The total RNAs used for the transcriptome profile analyses using RNA-Seq were used in the RT-qPCR assay, including three biological replicates. The relative expression levels of the selected genes were calculated using the 2^–ΔΔCT method. Error bars represented the standard deviation of the mean expression values.