| | Without GxE | | | With GxE | | |
|---|
Trait2 | Main effect | E factor | GxE3 | Main effect | GxE interaction | Total for main and GxE |
|---|
HOMA-IR | 5 | DPA | S | 11 | 9 | 20 |
| | ALA | NS | 3 | 3 | 6 |
Fasting insulin | 7 | DPA | S | 12 | 21 | 32 |
| | ALA | NS | 6 | 6 | 12 |
Fasting glucose | 9 | AA/ (EPA + DHA) | S | 25 | 36 | 57 |
| | ALA | NS | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Adiponectin | 18 | AA/ EPA | S | 33 | 13 | 44 |
| | n-6 PUFA | NS | 2 | 7 | 9 |
- 1PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DPA, docosapentaenoic acid; ALA, alpha -linolenic acid; AA, arachidonic acid; GWAS, genome-wide association study.
- 2For all these traits, GWAS and GxE GWAS were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, study center, energy intake, kinship, and population structure.
- 3The E factor has a significant (S) or non-significant (NS) GxE variance contribution to the total phenotypic variance of either diabetes-related trait based on GxE GWAS.
