Figure 6

Manhattan plots of the association tests. Manhattan plots depicting association across the five B. distachyon chromosomes with environmental PCs 1 to 3, according to LFMM method. On the y axis, the significance of each association test; on the x axis, the SNP locations across the chromosome. The dashed line reports the significance for the LD-corrected Bonferroni method (p-value < 1.37 × 10⁻⁴). Black dots represent significant associations also detected with CMLM. The two methods identify clear peaks. Association peaks mostly have the skewed appearance given by linkage disequilibrium between cis elements nearby the strongest associations.