From: Human and mouse switch-like genes share common transcriptional regulatory mechanisms for bimodality
 |  | Human bimodal genes | Mouse bimodal genes | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gene Ontology | Genes Observed | Genes Expected | Ration of Enrichment | P-values | Genes Observed | Genes Expected | Ration of Enrichment | P-values | |
CC | Cytoplasm | 527 | 408.92 | 1.29 | 0.00E+00 | 395 | 335.13 | 1.18 | 3.73E-05 |
 | cytoskeleton | 110 | 57.49 | 1.91 | 0.00E+00 | 68 | 41.97 | 1.62 | 1.91E-05 |
 | sarcoplasmic reticulum | 14 | 2.40 | 5.83 | 5.39E-10 | 10 | 2.49 | 4.02 | 2.06E-05 |
 | membrane | 680 | 577.01 | 1.18 | 2.03E-08 | 494 | 442.64 | 1.12 | 9.12E-04 |
 | striated muscle thick filament | 12 | 2.26 | 5.31 | 6.39E-08 | 7 | 1.99 | 3.52 | 1.25E-03 |
 | muscle myosin complex | 12 | 2.54 | 4.72 | 4.94E-07 | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
 | actin cytoskeleton | 36 | 15.68 | 2.30 | 6.87E-07 | 11 | 8.13 | 1.35 | 1.78E-01 |
 | myosin complex | 21 | 6.92 | 3.03 | 9.19E-07 | 13 | 5.81 | 2.24 | 2.76E-03 |
 | neuromuscular junction | 6 | 0.85 | 7.08 | 7.89E-06 | 6 | 2.65 | 2.26 | 3.69E-02 |
 | cell junction | 62 | 37.01 | 1.68 | 2.09E-05 | 55 | 28.20 | 1.95 | 2.64E-07 |
 | Z disc | 9 | 1.98 | 4.55 | 2.24E-05 | 8 | 3.48 | 2.30 | 1.51E-02 |
 | synapse | 41 | 22.04 | 1.86 | 4.26E-05 | 41 | 20.07 | 2.04 | 2.33E-06 |
 | membrane fraction | 97 | 66.25 | 1.46 | 5.02E-05 | 32 | 27.71 | 1.15 | 2.10E-01 |
 | growth cone | 10 | 2.68 | 3.73 | 8.41E-05 | 9 | 3.32 | 2.71 | 2.72E-03 |
 | plasma membrane | 239 | 192.10 | 1.24 | 9.90E-05 | 169 | 143.67 | 1.18 | 9.51E-03 |
 | cell projection | 23 | 11.02 | 2.09 | 3.38E-04 | 19 | 10.62 | 1.79 | 6.35E-03 |
 | costamere | 4 | 0.57 | 7.08 | 3.97E-04 | 1 | 0.66 | 1.51 | 5.16E-01 |
 | clathrin coat of trans-Golgi network vesicle | 6 | 1.27 | 4.72 | 4.51E-04 | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
 | sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane | 6 | 1.27 | 4.72 | 4.51E-04 | 5 | 1.16 | 4.31 | 1.95E-03 |
 | proteinaceous extracellular matrix | 52 | 33.62 | 1.55 | 7.38E-04 | 60 | 28.04 | 2.14 | 1.47E-09 |
 | integral to plasma membrane | 184 | 148.88 | 1.24 | 9.15E-04 | 53 | 47.62 | 1.11 | 2.14E-01 |
 | troponin complex | 5 | 0.99 | 5.06 | 9.16E-04 | 6 | 1.33 | 4.52 | 4.27E-04 |
 | axon | 10 | 3.81 | 2.62 | 2.62E-03 | 18 | 7.96 | 2.26 | 3.97E-04 |
 | sarcolemma | 6 | 1.70 | 3.54 | 3.39E-03 | 13 | 3.82 | 3.41 | 1.51E-05 |
 | basement membrane | 12 | 5.79 | 2.07 | 9.14E-03 | 17 | 5.81 | 2.93 | 1.12E-05 |
 | collagen | 7 | 2.83 | 2.48 | 1.60E-02 | 14 | 4.81 | 2.91 | 7.34E-05 |
 | postsynaptic membrane | 19 | 12.71 | 1.49 | 4.48E-02 | 21 | 10.29 | 2.04 | 6.69E-04 |
 | I band | 2 | 0.42 | 4.72 | 5.42E-02 | 4 | 0.66 | 6.03 | 7.55E-04 |
 | synaptic vesicle membrane | 1 | 0.28 | 3.54 | 2.63E-01 | 6 | 1.33 | 4.52 | 4.27E-04 |
 | basal lamina | 2 | 1.13 | 1.77 | 3.15E-01 | 9 | 2.49 | 3.62 | 1.79E-04 |
BP | muscle contraction | 39 | 12.43 | 3.14 | 0.00E+00 | 10 | 2.82 | 3.55 | 9.66E-05 |
 | striated muscle contraction | 21 | 4.10 | 5.13 | 0.00E+00 | 11 | 3.15 | 3.49 | 5.21E-05 |
 | cell adhesion | 112 | 65.68 | 1.71 | 3.76E-09 | 81 | 44.63 | 1.81 | 1.67E-08 |
 | nervous system development | 79 | 42.38 | 1.86 | 1.36E-08 | 33 | 22.40 | 1.47 | 1.19E-02 |
 | muscle development | 29 | 10.03 | 2.89 | 2.95E-08 | 14 | 5.31 | 2.64 | 2.72E-04 |
 | sensory perception of sound | 33 | 15.26 | 2.16 | 8.44E-06 | 5 | 4.98 | 1.00 | 5.72E-01 |
 | glycolysis | 19 | 7.06 | 2.69 | 2.44E-05 | 15 | 6.97 | 2.15 | 2.11E-03 |
 | regulation of heart contraction | 13 | 3.96 | 3.29 | 4.01E-05 | 9 | 3.48 | 2.58 | 4.07E-03 |
 | cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis | 24 | 10.74 | 2.24 | 7.75E-05 | 26 | 13.11 | 1.98 | 2.72E-04 |
 | antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I | 7 | 1.41 | 4.96 | 8.99E-05 | 6 | 2.49 | 2.41 | 2.67E-02 |
 | dephosphorylation | 24 | 10.88 | 2.21 | 9.77E-05 | 11 | 9.12 | 1.21 | 2.98E-01 |
 | regulation of muscle contraction | 8 | 1.84 | 4.36 | 1.03E-04 | 13 | 2.82 | 4.61 | 8.48E-08 |
 | regulation of striated muscle contraction | 6 | 1.13 | 5.31 | 1.71E-04 | 2 | 0.50 | 4.02 | 7.34E-02 |
 | central nervous system development | 25 | 12.01 | 2.08 | 1.99E-04 | 5 | 4.81 | 1.04 | 5.39E-01 |
 | cell differentiation | 72 | 47.88 | 1.50 | 1.99E-04 | 54 | 49.44 | 1.09 | 2.57E-01 |
 | multicellular organismal development | 136 | 102.41 | 1.33 | 2.26E-04 | 84 | 85.11 | 0.99 | 5.73E-01 |
 | regulation of the force of heart contraction | 5 | 0.85 | 5.90 | 2.96E-04 | 4 | 1.66 | 2.41 | 6.86E-02 |
 | neuromuscular synaptic transmission | 5 | 0.85 | 5.90 | 2.96E-04 | 3 | 1.16 | 2.58 | 9.46E-02 |
 | neuron migration | 12 | 4.10 | 2.93 | 3.05E-04 | 8 | 8.63 | 0.93 | 6.50E-01 |
 | neuron differentiation | 13 | 4.66 | 2.79 | 3.08E-04 | 4 | 5.81 | 0.69 | 8.55E-01 |
 | glycogen metabolic process | 12 | 4.24 | 2.83 | 4.44E-04 | 3 | 3.32 | 0.90 | 6.68E-01 |
 | protein amino acid dephosphorylation | 29 | 15.54 | 1.87 | 5.06E-04 | 11 | 11.95 | 0.92 | 6.67E-01 |
 | tricarboxylic acid cycle | 10 | 3.39 | 2.95 | 9.10E-04 | 6 | 3.65 | 1.64 | 1.44E-01 |
 | very-long-chain fatty acid metabolic process | 5 | 0.99 | 5.06 | 9.16E-04 | 1 | 0.50 | 2.01 | 4.20E-01 |
 | ion transport | 83 | 62.01 | 1.34 | 2.89E-03 | 67 | 44.13 | 1.52 | 1.88E-04 |
 | transport | 218 | 188.15 | 1.16 | 8.19E-03 | 188 | 153.46 | 1.23 | 9.54E-04 |
 | calcium ion transport | 20 | 11.72 | 1.71 | 1.03E-02 | 21 | 8.96 | 2.34 | 7.22E-05 |
 | synaptic transmission | 35 | 24.01 | 1.46 | 1.28E-02 | 21 | 7.96 | 2.64 | 8.49E-06 |
MF | actin binding | 78 | 34.32 | 2.27 | 0.00E+00 | 42 | 27.04 | 1.55 | 1.76E-03 |
 | structural constituent of muscle | 28 | 5.65 | 4.96 | 0.00E+00 | 5 | 1.49 | 3.35 | 8.74E-03 |
 | structural molecule activity | 81 | 42.52 | 1.91 | 3.01E-09 | 58 | 34.01 | 1.71 | 1.53E-05 |
 | structural constituent of cytoskeleton | 32 | 12.15 | 2.63 | 8.12E-08 | 22 | 11.45 | 1.92 | 1.26E-03 |
 | protein binding | 777 | 677.86 | 1.15 | 1.68E-07 | 558 | 497.39 | 1.12 | 1.79E-04 |
 | calmodulin binding | 37 | 16.95 | 2.18 | 1.93E-06 | 23 | 13.11 | 1.75 | 3.73E-03 |
 | motor activity | 33 | 14.69 | 2.25 | 3.40E-06 | 28 | 13.60 | 2.06 | 7.77E-05 |
 | calcium ion binding | 145 | 103.40 | 1.40 | 8.50E-06 | 116 | 76.98 | 1.51 | 1.37E-06 |
 | GTPase activity | 43 | 24.15 | 1.78 | 8.61E-05 | 22 | 19.74 | 1.11 | 3.24E-01 |
 | phosphoprotein phosphatase activity | 31 | 15.96 | 1.94 | 1.52E-04 | 10 | 13.44 | 0.74 | 8.85E-01 |
 | phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity | 25 | 11.87 | 2.11 | 1.61E-04 | 12 | 10.12 | 1.19 | 3.07E-01 |
 | microfilament motor activity | 9 | 2.40 | 3.75 | 1.82E-04 | 3 | 1.00 | 3.01 | 6.15E-02 |
 | NAD binding | 13 | 4.52 | 2.88 | 2.14E-04 | 3 | 4.48 | 0.67 | 8.49E-01 |
 | transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups | 7 | 1.55 | 4.51 | 2.17E-04 | 6 | 1.66 | 3.62 | 2.36E-03 |
 | protein tyrosine phosphatase activity | 25 | 12.43 | 2.01 | 3.59E-04 | 14 | 10.62 | 1.32 | 1.65E-01 |
 | transporter activity | 61 | 40.68 | 1.50 | 6.35E-04 | 41 | 33.18 | 1.24 | 8.24E-02 |
 | long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase activity | 6 | 1.41 | 4.25 | 9.92E-04 | 3 | 1.33 | 2.26 | 1.33E-01 |
 | creatine kinase activity | 3 | 0.57 | 5.31 | 1.01E-02 | 4 | 0.66 | 6.03 | 7.55E-04 |
 | extracellular matrix structural constituent | 18 | 10.88 | 1.65 | 1.96E-02 | 18 | 6.80 | 2.65 | 3.52E-05 |
 | ion channel activity | 48 | 36.02 | 1.33 | 2.15E-02 | 46 | 25.38 | 1.81 | 2.17E-05 |