Figure 8
Expression of genetic markers for white, brown and brite/beige adipose tissue during the three phases of the transformation. Gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR. (A) Relative levels of genes associated with white adipocytes: nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 (NRIP1), retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) and leptin (LEP). (B) Relative levels of the brown adipose associated and marker genes: PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16), solute carrier family 29 member 1 (SLC29A1), LIM homeobox 8 (LHX8) and myelin protein zero-like 2 (MPZL2). Zinc finger protein 1 (ZIC1) was not detectable in any of the adipose samples. (C) Relative levels of the brite/beige adipose markers: homeobox C8 (HOXC8), HOXC9, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9), transmembrane protein 26 (TMEM26) and T-box 1 (TBX1). The mRNA expression levels were normalized to expression of β-actin (ACTB). Data are mean + SEM (brown, n = 9; transition, n = 20; white, n = 15); *, p < 0.05.