Fig. 1

Functional clockworks of the genes listed in Table 2. Pink: TTFL genes, the core transcription-translation feedback loop consists of positive-acting CLK and CYC and negative-acting CRY2, PER, and TIM; their cycling is affected by “stabilizing” loops involving CWO, KAYα, VRI, and PDP1. Blue: PTM genes, the duration of the circadian cycle is then altered by a number of post-translational modifiers, mainly kinases and phosphatases. Yellow: Entrainment of the circadian clock by external day and night is achieved via the blue-light receptor CRY1. Clear dashed boxes: phosphorylation or ubiquitination leading to ultimate protein degradation. Solid arrows: enhancing transcription or PP2A-B’ reversing phosphorylation of PER. Dashed lines: inhibiting transcription or promoting phosphorylation. Upper case Roman, proteins; lower case Italic, transcripts promoted by CLK and CYC. Solid black circles: phosphate groups (compiled from [17, 25, 26, 30, 123, 125, 127])