Fig. 2

Phylogenetic analysis of P. ulmi putative CYPs. Maximum likelihood tree of P. ulmi, P. citri and T. urticae CYP protein sequences. The tree was constructed using MUSCLE [87] and Treefinder [89]. The tree was midpoint rooted and numbers at the branch point of each node represent the bootstrap value resulting from 1000 pseudoreplicates (LR-ELW). The scale bar represents 0.5 substitutions per site. Tetranychid CYPs clustered into the four main CYP clades: mitochondrial CYPs, CYP 2, CYP 3 and CYP 4. Colour and shape codes are as follows: P. ulmi, green triangle, P. citri, yellow triangle and T. urticae, red square. An arrow and an asterisk indicate CYPs associated with high levels of spirodiclofen resistance in P. ulmi (this study) and T. urticae [20], respectively. Tetranychid CYP protein sequences and accession numbers can be found in Additional file 7