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Table 1 Photosynthetic efficiency related gene transcripts differentially upregulated in lowlands as compared to upland switchgrass with more than two-fold change (q-value ≤ 0.01)

From: Transcriptome analysis in switchgrass discloses ecotype difference in photosynthetic efficiency

No

Rice homolog

Protein function description

Average

FPKM_

Lowland

Average

FPKM_

VS16

Average

Fold

change

1

Peroxiredoxin

Antioxidant defense system

280

98

2.9

2

Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase

Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule

540

211

2.6

3

NAD dependent epimerase/dehydratase family protein

Catalytic activity and coenzyme binding

308

121

2.5

4

Glutathione S-transferase

Detoxication and toxification mechanisms

351

122

2.9

5

Ftsh protease

Eliminating abnormal membrane proteins in chloroplast

1005

401

2.5

6

AAA-type atpase family protein

F-type ATPase

308

68

4.8

7

ATP synthase B chain, chloroplast precursor

F-type ATPase

780

314

2.5

8

ATP synthase F1, delta subunit family protein

F-type ATPase

489

168

2.9

9

ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit clpa homolog, chloroplast precursor

F-type ATPase

690

336

2.1

10

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Glycolysis

893

356

2.6

11

Cysteine proteinase 1 precursor

Hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain

409

107

4.2

12

B-box zinc finger family protein

Intracellular protein transport

310

118

2.6

13

Chlorophyll A-B binding protein

LHC-Antana protein

2111

794

5.9

14

Zinc finger A20 and AN1 domain-containing stress-associated protein

Metal ion and DNA binding

347

139

2.5

15

Metallothionein

Metal ion binding

4704

1446

5.2

16

Metallothionein-like protein 3B

Metal ion binding

1471

94

14.3

17

NDH-M H Plastoquinine dehydrogenase

Photosynthetic electron transport

276

92

3.0

18

2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster binding domain containing protein

Photosynthetic electron transport

462

136

3.4

19

Calvin cycle protein CP12

Photosynthetic electron transport

1664

402

4.1

20

Carbonic anhydrase, chloroplast precursor

Photosynthetic electron transport

1229

300

4.5

21

Ferredoxin--NADP reductase, chloroplast precursor

Photosynthetic electron transport

523

210

2.6

22

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Photosynthetic electron transport

282

106

2.7

23

Fructose-bisphospate aldolase isozyme

Photosynthetic electron transport

1724

714

2.6

24

Phosphoglycerate kinase protein

Photosynthetic electron transport

312

106

3.1

25

Phosphoribulokinase/Uridine kinase family protein

Photosynthetic electron transport

285

72

4.2

26

Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase, chloroplast precursor

Photosynthetic electron transport

885

376

2.4

27

Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain, chloroplast precursor

Photosynthetic electron transport

2367

1113

2.2

28

Ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase, chloroplast precursor

Photosynthetic electron transport

321

98

3.3

29

Thioredoxin

Photosynthetic electron transport

725

237

3.9

30

Transketolase, chloroplast precursor

Photosynthetic electron transport

399

135

3.2

31

Proton gradient regulation 5 (pgr5)

Photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem I

294

128

2.3

32

Photosystem I reaction center subunit, chloroplast precursor

Photosystem I subunits

892

416

2.2

33

Cytochrome b6-f complex iron-sulfur subunit, chloroplast precursor

Photosystem II main subunits

624

153

4.1

34

Cytochrome b6f complex subunit

Photosystem II main subunits

284

96

2.9

35

Oxygen evolving enhancer protein 3 domain containing protein

Photosystem II subunits

233

84

3.0

36

Photosystem II reaction center W protein, chloroplast precursor

Photosystem II subunits

555

176

3.6

37

Dehydrin

Plant response and adaptation to abiotic stresses

299

111

2.7

38

Fatty acid desaturase

Plant responses to abiotic stresses

263

102

2.6

39

Enzyme of the cupin superfamily protein

Protect plants from the effects of oxidative stress

447

205

2.2

40

Tetratrico peptide repeat region TPR domain protein

Protein binding

239

77

3.1

41

60S acidic ribosomal protein

Protein synthesis

281

114

2.5

42

Elongation factor

Protein synthesis in the process of cell cycle and elongation

274

82

3.6

43

Hypoxia-responsive family protein

regulation of growth and and developmnt

711

148

4.8

44

Glycine-rich protein A3

RNA-binding

351

158

2.2

45

RNA recognition motif containing protein

RNA-binding domain

905

311

3.0

46

BBTI8 - Bowman-Birk type bran trypsin inhibitor precursor

Serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity

316

95

3.6

47

Egg apparatus-1

Small secretory proteins and pollen tube guidance

227

63

4.4

48

Elongation factor thermo unstable (EF-Tu)

Synthesizes new proteins by translation at the ribosome

484

232

2.1

49

Oryzain gamma chain precursor

cysteine-type peptidase activity

546

148

3.6

50

Ubiquitin family protein

Targeted protein degradation

477

200

2.4

51

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme

Targets a protein for degradation via the proteasome

386

110

4.0

52

CCT/B-box zinc finger protein

Transcription factor

291

114

2.6

53

Ribosomal protein L35

Translation, ribosomal component

273

116

2.4

54

Aquaporin protein

Transport of water and small solutes

1022

239

4.8

55

Membrane protein

Water and nutrient transport across membranes

799

255

3.1