Fig. 4

Relative hydrophobicity of hymenopteran COXII polypeptides. The grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values were estimated using the GRAVY Calculator (http://www.gravy-calculator.de/; Kyte and Doolittle hydrophobicity scale). GRAVY values are plotted in red and black for Campsomeris species and S. bicincta, respectively; in green for COXII of the non-hymenopteran species, Pediculus (“Phthiraptera”) (29) and Drosophila (Diptera) (30); and in yellow for COXII of chlorophycean algae Scenedesmus (31) and Chlamydomonas (32). The following genera of Hymenoptera were taken into account: 1, Perga; 2, Cephus; 3, Orussus; 4, Schlettererius; 5, Evania; 6, Cotesia; 7, Phanerotoma; 8, Spathius; 9, Diachasmimorpha; 10, Macrocentrotus; 11, Aphidius; 12, Diadema; 13, Enicospilus; 14, Vanhornia; 15, Nasonia; 16, Philotripesis; 17, Wallacidia; 18, Cephalonomia; 19, 20, Campsomeris (p. fossulana and sp. HA10513, respectively); 21, Scolia; 22, Apis; 23, Bombus; 24, Melipona; 25, Solenopsis; 26, Polistes; 27, Abispa; 28, Primeuchroeus. The transmembrane and intermembrane space domains of COXII correspond to Campsomeris COXIIA and COXIIB polypeptides, respectively. The transmembrane regions were predicted using the TMHMM method (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM/) [73]. a The split COXII of Campsomeris is twice less hydrophobic than its intact counterpart in the next most closely related Scolia and is among the least hydrophobic eukaryotic COXII polypeptides. b The hydrophobicity of the first transmembrane helix of Campsomeris COXIIA is among the lowest in eukaryotes