Fig. 4

Differentially expressed (DE) genes for four developmental stages of cranial development in four pupfish taxa. These DE genes include genes which may be contributing to jaw morphological differences among taxa. a Genes associated with the development of distinctive skull morphologies were selected as the intersection of genes differentially expressed in all pairwise comparisons at a given stage to either the scale-biter or durophage, the two species with extreme morphologies. b Histograms show number of genes in each intersection. White portion of bars correspond to the number of genes in each set that are annotated to affect bone. Numbers to right of bars give number of genes annotated to affect bone and total numbers of genes in each intersection set. c Relative expression of genes annotated to affect skull bones (black) or simply bone (purple) at each stage in our dataset highlight the relative over- and underexpression of wnt ligands in the scale-biter and durophage respectively at 48 hpf, and that a number of genes are differentially expressed at multiple stages. Genes in bold are highlighted in the text