Fig. 5

Top KEGG pathways and canonical pathways regulated by predicted target genes of significantly DE miRNAs at 3 hpc and 24 hpc with E. coli. a Predicted target genes of predominantly downregulated (black bars), but also upregulated (grey bars), miRNAs from PMECs at 3 hpc and 24 hpc with E. coli were significantly enriched in KEGG pathways such as cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions, apoptosis, cancer pathways, NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, and Jak-STAT signaling pathways. b Predicted target genes of downregulated miRNAs were significantly enriched in canonical pathways such as IL10 signaling, NF-kB signaling, PPAR signaling, TNFR2 signaling, and the role of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes in rheumatoid arthritis in PMECs at 3 hpc with E. coli. Predicted target genes of up- and downregulated miRNAs were significantly enriched in canonical pathways such as interferon signaling, protein ubiquitination, glioma invasiveness signaling, myc-mediated apoptosis signaling, and Gq signaling in PMECs at 24 hpc with E. coli