Fig. 1

Phylogenomic tree for Cardinium. a Phylogenetic tree of 47 species. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction was done with a concatenated alignment of 16 orthologous single copy genes related to replication/recombination/repair, translation/ribosomal structure/biogenesis and post-translational modification/protein turnover. The Cardinium endosymbiont cSfur of Sogatella furcifera is displayed in bold. Species of different orders are displayed in different colors. Chorobaculum tepidum was used as an outgroup. Triangles represent collapsed branches of the same order. b Phylogenetic tree for Cardinium from different arthropod species based on gyrB gene. Phylogenetic relationship among different Cardinium supergroups are shown. The taxon names are the Cardinium endosymbionts’ hosts names and the geneinfo (gi) numbers of the corresponding gyrB genes. Cardinium cSfur falls in the clade of Cardinium endosymbionts of the planthopper, belonging to the group A. Amoebophilus asiaticus 5a2 was used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values over 50 are displayed