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Table 4 IPA predicted up-stream regulator in mammary fat pad (MFP) of Holstein heifer calves (n = 6/treatment) performances fed pre-weaning (week 1 to 8 of life) an enhanced (EH) (1.08 kg of powder/calf/day, 28.9% crude protein, 26.2% fat, DM basis) or restricted (R; represents the industry standard or control) milk replacer (0.44 kg of powder/head/day, 20.9% crude protein, 19.8% fat, DM basis)

From: Higher plane of nutrition pre-weaning enhances Holstein calf mammary gland development through alterations in the parenchyma and fat pad transcriptome

Upstream Regulator

Fold Change

Molecule Type

Predicted State

Z-score

Flags

P-value

Target molecules in dataset

fatty acid

 

chemical - endogenous mammalian

Activated

2.186

bias

0.0000164

APOA1,CYR61,ITGAM,NR4A3,PLIN4,S100A8

tretinoin

 

chemical - endogenous mammalian

Activated

2.197

 

0.00000726

ADM,ALPL,ANGPTL4,CLDN10,CPE,CYR61,EGR1,FFAR3,GPRC5A,ITGAM,LBP,MSC,NOV,PLA2G15,PTHLH,RET,RORC,S100A8,S100A9,SFRP1,SOCS1,TNFAIP6,WNT6

LDL

 

complex

Activated

2.153

 

0.0000719

EGR1,FCGR2B,IL1RN,MSC,NR4A3,S100A8,SOCS1,TNFAIP6

PDGF BB

 

complex

Activated

2.775

bias

0.000559

ADM,CYR61,EGR1,JUNB,LBP,NR4A3,TNFRSF12A,ZFP36

CSF2

 

cytokine

Activated

2.255

bias

0.00128

CD1A,CD1B,EGR1,FCGR2B,IL1RN,ITGAM,PLA2G15,SOCS1,ZFP36

IL1B

−1.08

cytokine

Activated

2.13

 

0.000000111

ADAMTS4,ADM,ALPL,ANGPTL4,BGN,EGR1,FCGR2B,IGFALS,IL1RN,ITGAM,JUNB,LBP,NR4A3,PTHLH,RORC,S100A8,S100A9,SOCS1,TNFAIP6,ZFP36

IL2

 

cytokine

Activated

2.406

bias

0.0162

ABCC1,FGF13,PTHLH,RGCC,RORC,S100A8,SOCS1,TNFRSF12A

IL3

 

cytokine

Activated

2.63

bias

0.00329

CD1A,EGR1,FCGR2B,ITGAM,JUNB,NOV,SOCS1

IL5

 

cytokine

Activated

2.157

bias

0.0244

CRELD2,EGR1,FCGR2B,ITGAM,SOCS1

OSM

 

cytokine

Activated

2.303

 

0.0123

ABCC1,ADAMTS4,JUNB,LBP,MSC,S100A8,S100A9,SOCS1

TNF

 

cytokine

Activated

3.105

 

1.03E-09

ABCC1,ADAMTS4,ADM,ANGPTL4,APOA1,ARSI,BGN,CD1A,CD1B,CYR61,EGR1,FCGR2B,IL17D,IL1RN,ITGAM,JUNB,LBP,LTBP2,MSC,NOV,NR4A3,PLIN4,PTHLH,RASSF7,RGCC,S100A8,S100A9,SFRP1,SNCG,SOCS1,TNFAIP6,ZFP36

Alpha catenin

 

group

Inhibited

−3.11

bias

1.96E-09

ADAMTS4,BGN,C1QTNF3,COL6A3,ITGAM,NOV,S100A8,S100A9,TNFAIP6,TNFRSF12A

Creb

 

group

Activated

2.376

 

0.00034

ADM,EGR1,GSTM3,ITGAM,JUNB,NR4A3,PTHLH,RET

Pkc(s)

 

group

Activated

2.177

 

0.00022

ADM,APOA1,CYR61,EGR1,JUNB,NR4A3,S100A8

AGT

 

growth factor

Activated

2.064

 

0.00025

ADM,BGN,CAV3,CGREF1,EGR1,FGF13,PTHLH,SOCS1,TNFRSF12A,ZFP36

FGF2

1.31

growth factor

Activated

2.758

 

0.000229

ANGPTL4,BGN,CYR61,EGR1,JUNB,NOV,S100A8,SFRP1,TNFRSF12A

GH1

 

growth factor

Activated

2.046

 

0.0000304

ABCC1,ANGPTL4,EGR1,IGFALS,JUNB,Pzp,SOCS1,ZFP36

TGFB1

1.228

growth factor

Activated

2.393

 

0.00000222

ADAMTS4,ADM,ANGPTL4,BGN,COL6A3,CPQ,CYR61,EGR1,GPRC5A,GUCY2C,IL17D,IL1RN,ITGAM,JUNB,LTBP2,NOV,NR4A3,P2RX6,PTHLH,RGCC,RORC,SFRP1,SOCS1,TNFAIP6,TNFRSF12A,ZFP36

VEGFA

1.452

growth factor

Activated

2.354

bias

0.00413

ABCC1,CD1A,CYR61,EGR1,JUNB,SNCG

PPARG

1.209

ligand-dependent nuclear receptor

Activated

2.183

 

0.000332

ADIPOR2,ANGPTL4,APOA1,GIPR,ME1,PLIN4,RORC,S100A8,SNCG,SOCS1

S100A9

1.83

other

Activated

2.2

 

0.0000428

ADAMTS4,ALPL,GPRC5A,ITGAM,NR4A3,S100A8,S100A9

F2

1.281

peptidase

Activated

2.372

bias

0.00376

ANGPTL4,CYR61,EGR1,JUNB,NR4A3,TNFRSF12A

SOCS3

1.172

phosphatase

Inhibited

−2.219

bias

0.0000872

EGR1,IGFALS,IL1RN,SGCA,SOCS1

CREB1

1.047

transcription regulator

Activated

2.804

 

0.00127

ADM,CGREF1,CYR61,EGR1,FGF13,JUNB,NR4A3,SRXN1,TP53INP2,ZFP36

SMAD3

−1.022

transcription regulator

Activated

2.391

 

0.000318

APOA1,BGN,COL6A3,EGR1,JUNB,PTHLH,ZFP36

SMAD4

−1.014

transcription regulator

Activated

2.423

 

0.000262

ANGPTL4,APOA1,BGN,PTHLH,RGCC,TNFAIP6,ZFP36

SMAD7

1.072

transcription regulator

Inhibited

−2

 

0.00599

BGN,CGREF1,COL6A3,LTBP2

TP63

 

transcription regulator

Activated

2.159

 

0.0194

ADM,CYR61,JUNB,PTHLH,S100A8,TINAGL1

IL10RA

1.167

transmembrane receptor

Activated

2.236

 

0.0343

CYR61,FADS3,IL1RN,NOV,TTR

TREM1

 

transmembrane receptor

Activated

2

 

0.0286

CD1A,EGR1,GIPR,GPRC5A

SFTPA1

 

transporter

Inhibited

−2

 

0.000918

ANGPTL4,CYR61,EGR1,GPR68

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BMC Genomics

ISSN: 1471-2164

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