Pea genomic selection for Italian environments

Table 3 Estimated components of variance relative to genotype (S_G²) and genotype × environment interaction (S_GE²) and to RIL population (S_R²), genotype within RIL population (S_G(R)²), RIL population × environment interaction (S_RE²) and genotype within RIL population × environment interaction (S_G(R)E²), for traits of 306 pea lines belonging to three RIL populations tested in three environments (Lodi 2013–14; Lodi 2014–15; Perugia 2013–14)

	Analysis without RIL population factor^b					Analysis with RIL population factor^b
Trait^a	S _G ²		S _GE ²		S_G²/S_GE² ratio	S _R ²		S _G(R) ²		S _RE ²		S _G(R)E ²
GY (t/ha)²	0.567	**	1.443	**	0.39	0.078	**	0.517	**	1.122	**	0.689	**
OF (dd from Apr. 1)²	18.88	**	2.73	**	6.91	3.98	**	16.30	**	1.18	**	1.96	**
LS [score (1 = min, 5 = max)]²	0.113	**	0.042	**	2.68	0.000	NS	0.123	**	0.015	**	0.012	NS
SW [(g)² × 1000]	0.333	**	0.056	**	5.94	0.118	**	0.254	**	0.043	**	0.030	**
WS (proportion)²	–	–	–	–	–	0.063	**	0.014	**	–	–	–	–

^a GY, grain yield; OF, onset of flowering; LS, lodging susceptibility; SW, individual seed weight; WS, winter plant survival. All traits assessed in three environments except winter plant survival, assessed only in Lodi 2014–15
^b NS and **: component of variance not different from zero at P < 0.05 and different from zero at P < 0.01, respectively