Fig. 9

Reconstruction of ancestral states and mapping of mitogenomic duplications in Aves onto the three tree topologies. The colored thick lines of the trees correspond to maximum parsimony reconstruction, whereas values at nodes mean the probability (proportional likelihood) of a more likely ancestral state provided by maximum likelihood reconstruction. The tree obtained by Prum, et al. [45] is in a, by Kimball, et al. [47] in b, whereas by Kuhl, et al. [113] in c. The duplication state was assumed for a given avian order if duplication was found in at least 33% of its species or was inferred as an ancestral state in this study for Tinamiformes as well as in other studies for Passeriformes and Psittaciformes [14, 23]. FD indicates the presence of the most fully duplicated avian region. AsymmMk model was applied for ML approach