Fig. 2

Effect of the BTA1 top haplotype on sperm morphology. Boxplots representing the sperm morphology of non-carrier, heterozygous, and homozygous (haplotype status 0, 1, and 2) bulls. The numbers above the boxplots indicate the number of bulls in the respective group. Compared to non-carrier and heterozygous bulls, a the number of sperm morphology examinations is twice as high (5.32 ± 3.25 vs. 2.49 ± 2.50), b the amount of normal spermatozoa is ~ 10 percentage points lower (66.19 ± 10.43% vs. 76.45 ± 8.51%), c the amount of sperm with non-compensatory defects is ~ 5 percentage points higher (10.61 ± 6.28% vs. 5.79 ± 3.19%), d the amount of sperm with major defects is ~ 8 percentage points higher (24.08 ± 8.99% vs. 15.70 ± 6.82%), e and the amount of spermatozoa with head shape anomalies is ~ 5 percentage points higher (10.49 ± 6.30% vs. 5.42 ± 3.09%) in homozygous bulls