Fig. 4
Z-transformed FST, genomic regions, and allele frequencies of SNPs on outlier genes. Z(FST) of all SNPs on outlier genes identified with muscle samples that may contribute to adaptation to novel environments (i.e., growth, reproduction, bioenergetics) in sea lamprey from Lake Michigan, Lake Champlain, and Connecticut River are shown along corresponding chromosomes with SNPs located on introns, untranslated regions (UTR), and coding regions (CDS) indicated with different colors (left panels). Shifts in allele frequency of SNPs with the highest Z(FST) or causing nonsynonymous mutations on outlier genes in Lake Michigan, Lake Champlain, and Connecticut River populations are almost identical across different tissue types (i.e., muscle and liver shown in middle and right panels, respectively). The dark grey horizontal bar on the top left of the left panel represents the length of an outlier gene. GHR is associated with growth (a), PGR with reproduction (b), and OXCT1 and SLC25A15 with bioenergetics (c, d)