Fig. 1

A) Effect of queen removal on ovariole length and B) the proportion of workers with yellow bodies in their ovaries at the end of the experiment at week 6. Levels of significance are indicated as follows: ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001. C) Heatmap showing the expression levels of the differentially expressed genes between the “queenless” (control, blue) and “queenright” (grey) groups and the clustering of samples per group. D) Word clouds showing the overrepresented functions associated with downregulated (top, blue) and upregulated (bottom, grey) genes in the group “queenright”. In the word clouds, p-value significance is positively correlated with the size and shade darkness of the word