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Table 4 Penetrance functions of the three types of DME epistasis models

From: GEP-EpiSeeker: a gene expression programming-based method for epistatic interaction detection in genome-wide association studies

Multiplicative model

Loci 1

AA

Aa

aa

Loci 2

BB

α

α

α

Bb

α

α(1+β)2

α(1+β)3

bb

α

α(1+β)3

α(1+β)4

Threshold model

Loci 1

AA

Aa

aa

Loci 2

BB

α

α

α

Bb

α

α(1+β)

α(1+β)

bb

α

α(1+β)

α(1+β)

Concrete model

Loci 1

AA

Aa

aa

Loci 2

BB

α

α(1+β)

α(1+β)

Bb

α(1+β)

α

α

bb

α(1+β)

α

α

  1. Note: The parameters {α, β} of the model 1~ model 12 are set as {0.0980, 0.7464}, {0.0960, 0.4329}, {0.0921, 0.2526}, {0.0782, 0.1610}, {0. 0958, 4.5647}, {0. 0918, 2.4771}, {0. 0836, 1.5108}, {0.0519, 1.6474}, {0.0804, 1.3856}, {0.0717, 1.2817}, {0.0608, 1.3997} and {0.0671, 1.3070}