Fig. 3

Diurnal rhythms of gene expression in the ant brain A Venn-diagram showing the number of genes significantly oscillating every 24 h in forager (for-24 h) and nurse (nur-24 h) brains. The heatmaps show the daily expression (z-score) patterns of all identified 24 h-oscillating genes in B foragers (for-24 h), C nurses (nur-24 h), and D both foragers and nurses (for-24 h-nur-24 h). Each row represents a single gene and each column represents the Zeitgeber Time (ZT) at which the sample was collected, shown in chronological order from left to right (from ZT2 to ZT24, every 2 h). The grey bar above the heatmaps runs from ZT12 to ZT24 and indicates the time during the light–dark cycle in which lights were off. Both for-24 h and nur-24 h genes were hierarchically clustered into four clusters. The cluster identity of each gene is indicated in the cluster annotation column