Fig. 1

Behavioral performances during the parental behavior test. A Latency to display aggressive behaviors in the Attackers group. B Distribution of time spent in each of the scored behaviors. C Total time spent in total parental behaviors, calculated as the sum of licking & grooming, huddling, nest building, carrying, and sniffing behaviors. D Time spent in total parental behaviors across the entire parental behavior test by 5-min timebins. In (B, C), each data point represents a distinct animal and the shaded area represents the mirrored density estimate of the data points’ distribution; the horizontal line within depicts the 50% quantile of the density estimate. In (A, D), data is presented as mean ± s.e.m