Fig. 2

Genome-wide association study of stalk lodging resistance under GLM model Manhattan map and QQ map. From the inside to the outside, the SNP sites identified in the RPR, DMC, SD and SL of maize in different years are represented respectively; The red highlights represent the significant SNP loci of each trait at 0.01 levels, respectively; Figure b shows the QQ chart of stalk related traits of maize in different years