Fig. 5

Expression profiles of 10 genes analyzed by qRT-PCR for C.lividipennis (A) and A.lucorum (B) with plant- or insect-based foods. For C.lividipennis individuals: rice seedlings were used as plant-based food, and eggs and nymphs of N.lugens were used as insect-based foods. For A.lucorum, green beans were used as plant-based food, and eggs of H.armigera were used as insect-based foods. Data are means + SEM, three biological replicates. ns: P > 0.05, indicating no significant difference; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001, indicating significant, very significant, and extremely significant differences