Fig. 2

Cluster analysis of DEGs based on the k-means method. A Four clusters (C1–C4) based on the k-means algorithm. The Y-axis stands for scaled FPKM. Gene expression profiles in the line plots are shown in gray, and the mean values are shown in red for each cluster. RC, RT, SC, and ST are samples of one high resistance (R, Harmonie) and one highly susceptibility (S, Carefree Wonder) rose cultivar with (T) or without (C) aphid infestation. B Enriched GO terms of genes in the four clusters. Terms were ranked by the number of genes. C KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of three clusters. P-value levels are indicated as − log10 (P value), and the values are represented by the asterisks near the bar. No pathways were found enriched in Cluster C2