Fig. 5

Bacterial growth correlates with hosts’ mortality, immune activation, and the amplitude of the transcriptional response to infection. Principal component analyses of transcriptomes from Aedes aegypti (A) and Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) (B) mosquitoes challenged with Escherichia coli (Ec), Erwinia carotovora carotovora 15 (Ecc15), Serratia marcescens type strain (Sm), Providencia rettgeri (Pr), Staphylococcus aureus (Sa), Micrococcus luteus (Ml), Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) at 12 hours post-infection. Comparison of mean PC1 values in Ae. aegypti versus An. gambiae (C). Comparison of 4-day mortality following challenge with bacterial pathogens in Ae. aegypti versus An. gambiae (D). Mortality versus PC1 in Ae aegypti (E) and An. gambiae (F). Black line and R² value correspond to the correlation of all data points. Red line and R² value are derived from censorship of the bracketed data point. Summed expression of antimicrobial peptides (in transcripts per million, TPM) versus PC1 in Ae. aegypti (G) and An. gambiae (H). Colony forming units (CFUs) of Sa, Ec, Ef, Ml, Ecc15, Sm, and Pr recovered from Ae. aegypti 12 hours after inoculation with 3000 CFUs (I). For all the following plots, data are derived from Ae. aegypti at 12 hours post-challenge and CFUs are plotted on a log₁₀ scale; UC and Ml (having y values of zero) are censored from logarithmic correlations. J CFUs versus PC1. K CFUs versus mortality. Black line and R² value correspond to the correlation of all non-zero data points. Red line and R² value are derived from censorship of the bracketed data points. L CFUs versus summed expression of antimicrobial peptides in TPM. M CFUs versus expression of REL1A in TPM. N CFUs versus expression of cact in TPM. O CFUs versus expression of SPZ3 in TPM. P CFUs versus expression of AAEL023229, an ortholog of Drosophila modSP, in TPM. Q CFUs versus expression of REL2 in TPM. R CFUs versus expression of PGRPLB in TPM. S CFUs versus expression of AAEL010411, an ortholog of Drosophila puc, in TPM. T CFUs versus expression of SOCS in TPM