Fig. 3

Phylogenetic results based on mtDNA. A The network plot based on 66 haplotypes of M. himalayana using the median-joining method. The size of each circle dictates the frequency of haplotypes, and the white dots represent missing haplotypes (not sampled or extinct). The pie charts are shared haplotypes. Mitochondrial phylogeny including Bayes analysis (B) and time tree (C) for M. himalayana. Two different background colors illustrate the two clusters (blue: south; green: north). Arrows indicate divergence time estimates at 1.307 Ma