Fig. 5

Effects of glutamine and NH₄NO₃ on the expression of glutamate-responsive transcription factor genes bHLH35, MYB (Os09g0401000), bHLH13, NAC90 (a), MYB (Os07g0119300), CIGR2, NAC5, WRKY69 (b), ERF109, HEC1 and LBD37 (c). 17-day-old nitrogen-starved rice seedlings were transferred to hydroponics containing 2.5 mM glutamate, glutamine, or 1.43 mM NH₄NO₃ for 0, 15 min, 30 min, 1, 4, and 24 h. Total RNA extracted from roots was used for qRT-PCR to analyze the expression of 11 glutamate-responsive transcription factor genes. The number of each gene corresponds to the number in Table 1. Relative expression indicates the fold-change of each gene as compared to that of control