DNA and RNA-sequence based GWAS highlights membrane-transport genes as key modulators of milk lactose content

BMC Genomics

Table 1 Summary statistics for lactose concentration and yield phenotypes

Breed	N	Phenotype	Mean±SD	\(\sigma ^{2}_{P}\)	\(\sigma ^{2}_{A}\)	h ²
All	30,000	LY (kg/day)	0.830±0.119	0.0147±0.0001	0.0037±0.0001	0.253±0.008
		LC (%)	5.146±0.130	0.0189±0.0002	0.0105±0.0003	0.557±0.008
Jersey	3 998	LY	0.809±0.106	0.0112±0.0003	0.0030±0.0003	0.269±0.025
		LC	5.152±0.124	0.0156±0.0004	0.0070±0.0005	0.450±0.025
Holstein-Friesian	8 292	LY	0.851±0.132	0.0176±0.0003	0.0041±0.0003	0.236±0.017
		LC	5.135±0.134	0.0189±0.0004	0.0105±0.0005	0.557±0.016

Summary statistics for the lactose concentration (LC) and lactose yield (LY) phenotypes, calculated for 30,000 cows. Phenotype means are shown with standard deviations. The phenotypic variance (\(\sigma ^{2}_{P}\)), additive genetic variance (\(\sigma ^{2}_{A}\)), and narrow-sense heritability (h ²) are shown with standard errors. The Jersey and Holstein-Friesian subsets included those animals where at least 15/16 of the animal’s ancestry is from the appropriate breed

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