Fig. 1

RAR Inhibition during early and late orofacial development. a Schematic of the RAR inhibitor treatment paradigm. b-g Representative images of frontal views of stage 43 (87–92 hpf) embryos. The mouths are outlined in red dots and the shape of the mouth is shown in red in the left corners. b) Embryos treated with 1% DMSO from stage 24 to stage 29/30 (26–35 hpf). c,d Two different embryos treated from stage 24 to stage 29/30 (26–35 hpf) with 1 uM RAR Inhibitor. Black arrow indicates a triangular shaped mouth e Embryos treated with 1% DMSO from stage 29/30 to stage 40 (35–66 hpf). f,g Two different embryos treated with 1 uM RAR Inhibitor from stage 29/30 to stage 40 (35–66 hpf). Black arrow indicates a mouth shape with a flat dorsal aspect at the midline h-i Transformation grids exhibiting changes in orofacial landmarks during early (h) and late (i) RAR Inhibition. Flat end of the vector represents average position of control landmark; closed circle represents average position of landmark in treated embryos. j CVA analysis scatter plot. k Intercanthal distance relative to control. For all experiments n = 22/treatment, 2 biological replicates